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已有 45 次阅读2012-2-10 12:47 |

Al-Ghazali was born in Tus, eastern Persia, close to the current town of Meshed, in 1058. He died in 1111. His father seems be a modest but pious merchant. Al-Ghazali had been orphaned while very young, but funds put together to pursue the extended training program which brought to him recognition like a physician from the sacred law, and also to work as a scholar and lawyer within the well-endowed theological schools (madrasa) that have been being established within the Seljuk domains throughout al-Ghazali's lifetime. Al-Ghazali is generally regarded as one of probably the most influential thinkers of medieval Islam. A mystic, theologian, jurist and logician, he is renowned for revealing the compatibility from the outward types of religion using the inner encounters from the Sufi and mystical traditions. Al-Ghazali condemned the sooner attempts of Al-Farabi and Avicenna to attain a synthesis between Koran and also the techniques and breakthroughs from the Greek philosophy. He asserted that philosophy had no role within the discovery of truth. One significant result of that was Islam did not created a philosophy of science. Another consequence was that Islamic culture was steered in direction of fundamentalism. Al-Ghazali made major contributions in religion, philosophy and Sufism. Numerous Muslim philosophers have been following and developing several viewpoints from the Greek philosophy, such as the neo-Platonic philosophy, which was resulting in conflict with several Islamic teachings. However, the movement of Sufism was presuming such excessive proportions regarding the avoidance of the observance of obligatory rules and responsibilities of Islam. Depending on his undeniable scholarship and private mystical experience, Ghazali searched to rectify these trends, in philosophy and Sufism. Al-Ghazali is within agreement with the Jurist-consults and also the theologists of his time for the unicity and also the eternity of God, a God without substance nor form, who not resemble anything known and which nothing resembles, an all-powerful, omniscient and all pervading. However the Al-Ghazali God differs for the reason that the world and its components, and all sorts of functions of the mankind, are exposed to Its strong influence and Its direct and constant intervention. The concepts appropriate for justice from the humanity could not be relevant to Him. Al-Ghazali had been educated with a very thorough philosophical formation he will write an evaluation attempting to summarize the idea of the big Muslim philosophers (Al-Kindi, Rhazes, Al-Farabi,sac burberry, Avicenna). Disappointed in his search for a final philosophical truth, he is directed towards a significant mysticism,chaussures guess pas cher, declining any truth by using the philosophers methods and showing them for inaccuracy. In "Inconsistency From The Philosophers", "Tahafut", which he calls "Al-Falasifa" he shows, through the own approach of the philosophers, that he is able to control fully because of his studies, that the philosophers ways finish simply with errors, a condemnable bus contradicting the Thought. His critique is mainly aimed at the specific Aristotelism of Avicenna. "The Incoherence (Inconsistency) from the Philosophers" marked a level in Islamic philosophy in the vehement denials of Aristotle and Plato. It led to what is named "falasifa",www.chaussure-timberland.com, the denial of a school of thought, represented with many notable names as Avicenna and Al-Farabi, a loosely defined number of Islamic philosophers from the eighth with the eleventh centuries. This group came intellectually from the Ancient Greeks. Ghazali bitterly denounced Aristotle,nike shox sko, Socrates along with other Greek authors as non-followers (non-believers) and labeled these individuals who employed their techniques and concepts as corrupters from the Islamic belief. Al-Ghazali attempted to keep the interior and exterior facets of religion harmoniously, teaching that exterior deeds must flow from inner spiritual strength. He wasn't dogmatic,air shox, and the teachings positively influenced on treating non-Muslim subjects of Muslim rulers. It's been recommended that recently raised curiosity about the works from the more exclusive thinker Ibn Taymiyyah has assisted to fuel hostility for the non-Muslim world, while Al-Ghazali's influence were built with a better impact. People from all other beliefs can appreciate al-Ghazali's spiritual insight. Al-Ghazali, within the late many years of his existence as well as among his letters to Sultan Sanjar, had pointed out the amount of his works to "a lot more than 70". However, you will find a lot more than 400 books credited to him today. Creating a judgment on the amount of his works as well as their attribution to Ghazali is really a difficult step.

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